LBNL Physics Division Research Progress Meetings

Michael Kreshchuk (Tuft University) "Quantum simulation of relativistic field theories in the front form"
2020-12-17 16:00 - 17:00 UTC | Zoom Talk, 50A-5132, Berkeley, ca, 94720
Abstract:
I will talk about quantum simulation algorithms based on the light-front formulation of quantum field theory. They will range from
ab initio simulations with nearly optimal resource scalings to VQE-inspired methods available for existing devices.My work is greatly inspired by the analogy, first noted by Kenneth Wilson, between the light-front formulation of QFT and quantum
chemistry. The approach I develop to simulating field theory is an alternative to lattice techniques; it allows one to use methods
developed for quantum simulation of quantum chemistry.

http://physics.lbl.gov/rpm/index.php/events/

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Aniruddha Bapat (University of Maryland, College Park) "Variational Quantum Optimization in the NISQ Era"
2020-12-15 16:00 - 17:00 | Zoom Talk, 50A-5132, Berkeley, ca, 94720
ABSTRACT:

Quantum information science in the coming decade will likely be carried out on noisy devices consisting of ~100-1000 qubits that do not share full interconnectivity. In this so-called NISQ regime, variational quantum algorithms, which tackle a wide range of problems from areas such as combinatorial optimization, quantum chemistry, and high-energy physics, provide a path to practical quantum advantage. In this talk, I will present some of our recent work that explores the theory behind variational algorithms such as quantum annealing and quantum approximate approximation algorithm (QAOA) using tools from optimal control theory. Then, I will discuss our work on finding the ground state of a critical Ising model on a trapped-ion quantum simulator, and the underlying optimization strategy. Finally, I will mention applications of our ideas and upcoming work.

http://physics.lbl.gov/rpm/index.php/events/
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Zhicai Zhang (CalTech) "Search for Long-Lived Particles with Precision Timing Detectors"
2020-12-08 16:00 - 17:00 | Zoom Talk, 50A-5132, Berkeley, ca, 94720
Abstract:
Searching for new physics beyond the standard model (BSM) has been one of the main goals of the LHC. With no new physics found in many SUSY and Exotica searches for prompt BSM particles from the LHC data, I will present a new BSM search approach that is looking for new particles with a long lifetime. The search is looking for SUSY long-lived particles that decay to photons, with the final state photon being time-delayed compared to prompt photon background. The search relies on the precise measurement of the photon arrival time at the calorimeter, and I will present the study of the timing performance of current CMS ECAL, and also developments of future precision timing detectors to be installed for CMS Phase 2 upgrade as well as precision timing detectors for future experiments.
http://physics.lbl.gov/rpm/index.php/events/
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Matt Klein (Michigan) "Search for Higgs boson decays to bottom quarks in the vector boson fusion production mode"
2020-12-03 16:00 - 17:00 | ca
ABSTRACT:
The Higgs boson is expected to decay to bb approximately 58% of the time. Despite the large branching fraction, due to the large background from SM events with b-jets, measuring this decay has been less precise than other, less frequent, decays. Measuring H(bb) in the VBF production mode has historically been insensitive, but developments in the background estimates and discrimination, as well as improvements in the signal extraction techniques, have resulted in an observed (expected) significance of 3.0 (3.0) standard deviations from the background-only hypothesis using the LHC Run 2 dataset.

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Jesse Thaler (MIT) "The Hidden Geometry of Particle Collisions"
2020-11-05 16:00 - 17:00 | Zoom Talk, 50A-5132, Berkeley, ca, 94720
ABSTRACT:

In this talk, I explain how various concepts and techniques in quantum field theory and collider physics can be naturally translated into a new geometric language. Using the energy mover’s distance, which quantifies the minimal amount of “work” required to rearrange one event into another, we can define a distance between pairs of collider events. This distance can then be used to triangulate the “space” of collider events and rigorously define various geometric objects. Many well-known collider observables, jet algorithms, and pileup mitigation schemes have a simple geometric interpretation, as does the important concept of infrared and collinear safety. Intriguingly, these ideas can be lifted from a distance between events into a distance between theories, with potential relevance for visualizing and interpreting data from the LHC.

http://physics.lbl.gov/rpm/index.php/events/

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Donatella Lucchesi (INFN) ""Muon Collider: A Window to the Future""
2020-10-29 12:00 - 17:00 | Zoom Talk, 50A-5132, Berkeley, ca, 94720
Abstract:

Muon colliders represent a highly attractive option for future collider thanks to the possibility to reach very high center of mass energy, high luminosity with reasonable costs and dimensions. Nevertheless, the feasibility is not yet fully demonstrated and presents several challenges: muon beams production and operations from the machine side and beam-induced background mitigation on the detector part. Several progress have been achieved in the last years allowing to re-open the muon collider case. The detailed study of the beam-induced background has demonstrated that even the most challenging events like those involving b-jets can be efficiently reconstructed. This has triggered the study of several Higgs related processes in particular the double and triple Higgs production with sufficient precision to fully determine the Higgs potential. In the seminar a brief description of the machine will be followed by a discussion on the performance on detector and Higgs reconstruction.

http://physics.lbl.gov/rpm/index.php/events/
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Hannsjörg Weber (FNAL) "Triple Threat: The Observation of Tribosons "
2020-10-27 16:00 - 17:00 | ca
Hannsjörg Weber
Triple Threat: The observation of tribosons
Abstract:
We present the search for heavy triboson production, specifically targeting the production of WWW, WWZ, WZZ and ZZZ processes in multileptonic final states with 137/fb of data collected by the CMS detector during Run II of the LHC at a center-of-mass energy 13 TeV. The search is performed in final states with three, four, five, and six leptons (electrons or muons), or with two same-charge leptons plus two jets.
During this seminar, the physics behind the triboson process will be motivated, including a discussion on the difficulties to experimentally measure it. Then, the analysis strategy aimed to observe tribosons will be shown and the results will be presented. At the end, an outlook on future triboson studies and extensions towards probing the standard model and potential new physics will be given.

http://physics.lbl.gov/rpm/index.php/events/
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Simone Pagan-Griso (LBNL) "The Future of the Energy Frontier: Highlights from the Snowmass 2021 Process"
2020-10-22 16:00 - 17:00 | Zoom Talk, 50A-5132, Berkeley, ca, 94720
Abstract:
The Snowmass process is an opportunity for the entire HEP community to come together to identify and document a vision for the future of particle physics in the U.S. and its international partners. The Snowmass 2021 process is currently ongoing and scheduled to deliver a report in the fall of 2021. The work is divided in many areas (frontiers), spanning collider-based physics, neutrino physics, and cosmology, but including dedicated theory and instrumentation areas as well.
In this seminar, I will focus on highlighting some of the ideas and plans that have been forming in the area of the energy frontier, with particular focus on prospects for direct searches of Beyond-Standard-Model physics; I will also discuss some synergies with other areas, when relevant.

Andrej Obuljen (Waterloo) "Anisotropic Assembly Bias in Theory, Simulations and BOSS Data"
2020-10-15 16:00 - 17:00 | Zoom Talk, 50A-5132, Berkeley, ca, 94720
ABSTRACT
Clustering of matter on large scales provides an important source of information on key cosmological parameters. To extract this information we need to understand the relation between the tracers we observe and the underlying matter field. The clustering strength of halos and galaxies on large scales is linearly biased compared to the matter clustering. This linear bias mainly depends on halo mass and redshifts, though selections based on other scalar halo properties (age, spin, concentration etc.) show additional bias dependences — called assembly bias. Furthermore, non-scalar halo properties: shapes, velocity dispersion and angular momentum, are correlated with the large-scale tidal field. Selection effects that couple to these non-scalar halo properties can produce anisotropic clustering even in real-space and act as a contaminant to redshift-space distortion measurements, through an anisotropic assembly bias (AB). I will discuss our recent results on studying the halo AB using a large number of numerical simulations. Then I will present the first detection of the galaxy anisotropic assembly bias in BOSS DR12 galaxies. Finally, I will show other consequences and future prospects.
http://physics.lbl.gov/rpm/index.php/events/
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Nan Lu (Caltech) "Evidence for Higgs Boson Decay to a Pair of Muons from the CMS Experiment "
2020-10-01 16:00 - 17:00 | Zoom Talk, 50A-5132, Berkeley, ca, 94720
Abstract:

This seminar presents the search for the rare Higgs boson decay to a pair of muons performed by the CMS experiment at the LHC, based on the full Run 2 dataset. Events are categorized based on the characteristics of major Higgs boson production mechanisms and are analyzed using machine learning techniques, which significantly boosts the sensitivity of the search. A 3.0σ excess is observed in data, constituting the first evidence for the Higgs boson coupling to muons.

http://physics.lbl.gov/rpm/index.php/events/

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Vivian Miranda (U. Arizona) "The Connected Universe: Relating Early, Intermediate and Late Universe with cosmological data"
2020-09-24 16:00 - 17:00 | Zoom Talk, 50A-5132, Berkeley, ca, 94720
Abstract:
The standard model of cosmology is built upon on a series of propositions on how the early, intermediate, and late epochs of the Universe behave. In particular, it predicts that dark energy and dark matter currently pervades the cosmos. Understanding the properties of the dark sector is plausibly the biggest challenge in theoretical physics. There is, however, a broad assumption in cosmology that the Universe on its earlier stages is fully understood and that discrepancies between the standard model of cosmology and current data are suggestive of distinct dark energy properties. Uncertainties on this hypothesis’s validity are not usually taken into account when forecasting survey capabilities, even though our investigations might be obfuscated if the intermediate and early Universe did behave abnormally. In this colloquium, I propose a program to investigate dark energy and earlier aspects of our Universe simultaneously, through space missions in the 2020s in combination with ground-based observatories. This program will help guide the strategy for the future Rubin and Roman supernovae and weak lensing surveys. My investigations on how properties of the early and intermediate Universe affect inferences on dark energy (and vice-versa) will also support community understanding of how future missions can be employed to test some of the core hypotheses of the standard model of cosmology.

http://physics.lbl.gov/rpm/index.php/events/

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Yacine Ali-Haimoud (NYU) "Hunting for Dark Matter in the Early Universe"
2020-09-10 16:00 - 17:00 | Zoom Talk, 50A-5132, Berkeley, ca, 94720
ABSTRACT:

It is now well established that the dominant part of non-relativistic matter in the Universe is some substance which appears to be oblivious to any force but gravity. The nature of this dark matter remains a nagging puzzle, and several candidates remain in the running. For instance, dark matter might be a new particle, as light as an electron, which might weakly interact with standard particles. Or it could be partly made of primordial black holes as massive as many Suns, born in the very early Universe from the gravitational collapse of enhanced primordial fluctuations. In this talk, I will describe how one can try and tease out some of the properties of dark matter from the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB), both through its frequency spectrum, and its angular fluctuations. After reviewing the basic physics underlying the CMB, I will highlight how it can constrain interacting particles and primordial black holes. If time allows, I will discuss what LIGO may be able to tell us about primordial-black holes.

http://physics.lbl.gov/rpm/index.php/events/

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Josh McFayden (LBNL) "Unravelling LEP-Era Lepton Flavour Universality Discrepancy with ATLAS"
2020-07-21 12:00 - 13:00 | Zoom Talk, 50A-5132, Berkeley, ca, 94720
Abstract:

A remarkable feature of the Standard Model (SM) is that each lepton flavour (electron, muon, tau) is equally likely to interact with a W boson. This is known as Lepton Flavour Universality.

In a recent ATLAS measurement, a novel technique using events with top-quark pairs has been exploited to test the ratio of the probabilities for tau leptons and muons to be produced in W boson decays, R(τ/μ).

In the SM, R(τ/μ) is expected to be unity, but a longstanding tension with this prediction has existed since the LEP era, where, from a combination of experiments, R(τ/μ) was measured to be 2.7σ higher than the SM expectation.

If the LEP result were confirmed to O(1%) precision it would correspond to an unambiguous discovery of beyond the SM physics. This latest ATLAS measurement obtains this level a precision – please join the RPM to discover whether or not it agrees with LEP!

http://physics.lbl.gov/rpm/index.php/events/
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JOINT INPA/RPM Seminar | Michelle Galloway (University of Zurich) "Observation of excess electronic recoil events in XENON1T"
2020-07-17 10:00 - 11:00 | Zoom Talk, 50A-5132, Berkeley, ca, 94720
Abstract:
A search for new physics with XENON1T revealed an excess of electronic recoil events in the (1 – 7) keV region, favoring signal over background with significances of 3.5 sigma for solar axions/ALPs, 3.2 sigma for an enhanced neutrino magnetic moment, and 3.0 sigma global (4.0 local) for bosonic dark matter with a peak at 2.3 +- 0.2 keV (68% C.L.). Additionally, a previously undetected tritium component, favoured at 3.2 sigma over known backgrounds, can neither be confirmed nor excluded. I will provide an overview of the XENON1T detection and analysis methods for this search, a characterization of the excess events, and present results for both possible backgrounds and potential new physics.
https://lbnl.zoom.us/j/98002426771?pwd=[REDACTED]
Meeting ID: 980 0242 6771
Password: [REDACTED]

Zara Bagdasarian (UCB) "Solar Neutrinos with Borexino: First Evidence of CNO Fusion Cycle"
2020-07-16 16:00 - 17:00 | Zoom Talk, 50A-5132, Berkeley, ca, 94720
Abstract:
The prime energy producer in the sun is the fusion of hydrogen to form
helium. However, there is more than one way for this fusion to take
place: for stars the size of the sun or smaller, the proton-proton (pp)
chain reactions dominate (~99%), while in heavier stars, the
carbon-nitrogen-oxygen (CNO) cycle is expected to play a more important
role. Not only these fusion reactions would not have been possible
without the emission of neutrinos, neutrinos are the only way to
directly access the processes in the core of the sun.
Borexino experiment, located at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso,
was built with a primary goal of the Be7 solar neutrinos (part of pp
chain) detection. In more than a decade of data taking, Borexino has not
only demonstrated the unprecedentedly high sensitivity towards Be7 solar
neutrinos (<3%) but performed a comprehensive study of low-energy
neutrinos from the complete pp-chain. After a number of developments in
both hardware and software, Borexino presents the first experimental
evidence of the up-to-now elusive CNO fusion cycle in the Sun. The
absence of the CNO neutrinos signal is disfavoured by the Borexino
experiment at 5σ.

http://physics.lbl.gov/rpm/index.php/events/

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Kyle Dawson (U. Utah) "The Completed SDSS-IV extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey: Cosmological Implications from two Decades of Spectroscopic Surveys at the Apache Point observatory"
2020-07-09 16:00 - 17:00 | 50-Auditorium
Abstract:
The Extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS) concluded observations of the cosmic distance scale and the growth of structure in February, 2019. The three dimensional clustering in all samples from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) was used to make 15 distinct, high precision measurements of Baryon Acoustic Oscillations (BAO) to an effective redshift z<2.4 and six measurements of redshift space distortions (RSD) to z<1.5. With this redshift coverage and sensitivity, the SDSS experiment is unparalleled in its ability to explore models of dark energy. Using available cosmological samples, we provide new constraints on the cosmological model with an emphasis on the role of the final BAO and RSD clustering measurements in advancing the cosmological model. In this talk, I will give a brief overview of the BAO and RSD measurements and present the highlights of the advances in modeling dark energy, the local expansion rate, tests of general relativity, neutrino masses, and the overall cosmological model.

http://physics.lbl.gov/rpm/index.php/events/

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Beate Heinemann (DESY) "European Strategy for Particle Physics Update 2020"
2020-06-25 12:00 - 13:00 | Zoom Talk, 50A-5132, Berkeley, ca, 94720
Abstract:
I will present the updated European strategy for particle physics which was announced by the CERN Council in June. The strategy was developed in a process that spanned two years and engaged both the European and the international community of particle physics, as well as related scientific disciplines. The highest-priority physics recommendations are the study of the Higgs boson and the exploration of the high-energy frontier: two crucial and complementary ways to address the open questions in particle physics. Questions related to the dark universe, flavor and other puzzles of the Standard Model are also discussed. Finally, technological and societal challenges and opportunities are also highlighted.
http://physics.lbl.gov/rpm/index.php/events/
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Stephen Gourlay (LBNL) "Snowmass 2021: Survey of Potential Collider Options"
2020-06-11 16:00 - 17:00 | Zoom Talk, 50A-5132, Berkeley, ca, 94720
ABSTRACT:

We are now approximately 3 months into the next Snowmass process and a plethora of ideas is starting to surface. Technical maturity of the proposed facilities ranges from shovel ready to those that are still largely conceptual. Developments in accelerator technology since the last Snowmass could increase the number of feasible ideas for P5 to consider. This talk will give a brief summary of some of the collider options; current status, technical readiness level and challenges, that we expect to see coming out of the current planning process.

http://physics.lbl.gov/rpm/index.php/events/

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Rakshya Khatiwada (Fermilab) "Hunting for Dark matter using quantum devices and sensors"
2020-06-04 16:00 - 17:00 | Zoom Talk, 50A-5132, Berkeley, ca, 94720
Rakshya Khatiwada (Fermilab)
“Hunting for Dark matter using quantum devices and sensors”

Abstract:

Very few mysteries in our current picture of the universe are bigger than the puzzle of dark matter. Recently the QCD axion — a weakly interacting, sub-eV particle — has been in the limelight as a cold dark matter candidate which also enjoys compelling theoretical motivation as a possible solution to the strong CP problem. This talk will give an overview of modern axion searches with a detailed discussion of the role of quantum devices and technology in the most sensitive axion experiment to date. Furthermore, it will discuss promising novel methods of axion searches using quantum sensors as single photon counters that could make possible the investigation of axions in previously uncharted mass ranges.

http://physics.lbl.gov/rpm/index.php/events/
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──────────

Daniel Carney (U. Maryland) "Fundamental Physics at the Quantum Limits of Measurement
2020-05-26 16:00 - 17:00 | Zoom Talk, 50A-5132, Berkeley, ca, 94720
Abstract:
40 years ago, Caves, Thorne, and their collaborators asked the question: what are the fundamental quantum limits on the measurement of a small position displacement? The answers to these conceptual questions led to the first direct detection of a gravitational wave by LIGO in 2016. I will review these types of quantum limits and discuss their application to particle physics. In particular, I will present some new dark matter detection ideas which leverage quantum sensing and control of massive opto-mechanical systems. Current experiments with these devices are already capable of ruling out some exotic dark matter candidates, and I will focus on these and their next-generation extensions. I will also present some much longer-term applications: a scheme for direct detection of heavy dark matter purely through gravity, and tabletop experiments testing the quantum nature of gravity.

http://physics.lbl.gov/rpm/index.php/events/
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Alex Kim (LBNL)"Opportunities for Peculiar Velocity Surveys Using DESI, ZTF-II, and the Vera C. Rubin Observatory"
2020-05-21 16:00 - 17:00 | Zoom Talk, 50A-5132, Berkeley, ca, 94720
ABSTRACT:
The motions of galaxies on top of the Hubble expansion, peculiar velocities, are a probe of clustering and the growth of structure in the Universe. For distance indicators, peculiar velocities manifest themselves as residuals on the Hubble diagram. Ongoing and upcoming wide-field surveys measuring unprecedented numbers of distance indicators, together with improvements in the calibration of Type Ia supernova brightnesses, will provide exquisite precision in the mapping of the peculiar velocity field or more precisely the peculiar distance field. LBL is well positioned to make distance measurements of sources from DESI, the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF), ZTF-II, and the Rubin Observatory in order to produce compelling constraints on the laws of gravity responsible for the growth of structure.

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Alexander Stibor (LBNL) "QIS with Coherent Electrons: Quantum Sensors, Superconducting Emitters, Signal Transmission and Decoherence Studies"
2020-05-19 16:00 - 17:00 | Zoom Talk, 50A-5132, Berkeley, ca, 94720
Abstract:
Creating, manipulating and detecting coherent, entangled quantum states and isolating quantum systems from decoherence is at the heart of future quantum information science technologies. With the rise of novel instruments in quantum electronics, the coherent emission and control of free electron beams become relevant in various fields of physics. In this presentation, I will give an overview of the research performed in Tuebingen (Germany) and at the LBL Molecular Foundry where we are currently realizing the QUINTESSENCE QIS project. The aim is to use the matter-waves of electrons, superconductivity and correlation detection to develop novel quantum techniques and applications in sensor technology, electron microscopy and signal transmission. Such experiments are demonstrated with a biprism electron interferometer. We realized a correlation sensor for electromagnetic and vibrational perturbations and a secure signal transmission method by matter-wave modulation. Furthermore, I will present a characterization setup for a superconducting niobium nano-tip field emitter. This beam source has the potential to emit entangled electron pairs that open up new modes in quantum information, quantum metrology and electron spectroscopy. To achieve long coherence times in future quantum instrumentation, a basic understanding of decoherence, being the transition from a quantum to a classical state, is crucial. We studied experimentally the Coulomb-induced decoherence of electrons in a superposition state and were able to rule out three of four current theoretical approaches in the literature. It allows the development of novel non-invasive techniques for quantum electron microscopy.http://physics.lbl.gov/rpm/index.php/events/
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Hitoshi Murayama (LBNL/UCB)"International Linear Collider"
2020-05-14 16:00 - 17:00 | Zoom Talk, 50A-5132, Berkeley, ca, 94720
ABSTRACT:
Having discovered the Higgs boson without obvious new particles at the Large Hadron Collider, precision study of the Higgs boson at a Higgs factory is the obvious strategy at the energy frontier. I will review basic motivation and various options for the Higgs factory, and discuss ILC in this context. I will also discuss some recent political developments.

Ben Nachman (LBNL) "Modeling final state radiation on a quantum computer"
2020-05-12 16:00 - 17:00 | Zoom Talk, 50A-5132, Berkeley, ca, 94720
Abstract:
Particles produced in high energy collisions that are charged under one of the fundamental forces will radiate proportionally to their charge, such as photon radiation from electrons in quantum electrodynamics. At sufficiently high energies, this radiation pattern is enhanced collinear to the initiating particle, resulting in a complex, many-body quantum system. Classical Markov Chain Monte Carlo simulation approaches work well to capture many of the salient features of the shower of radiation, but cannot capture all quantum effects. I will show how quantum algorithms are well-suited for describing the quantum properties of final state radiation. In particular, I will describe a polynomial time quantum final state shower that accurately models the effects of intermediate spin states similar to those present in high energy electroweak showers. The algorithm is explicitly demonstrated for a simplified quantum field theory on a quantum computer. One of the greatest challenges for current quantum computers is their significant noise. I will present new techniques for mitigating both readout noise and gate error noise. Readout errors are equivalent to detector effects in high energy physics (HEP) and I will show how building a bridge between fields can improve quantum computing in general, not only for HEP. For gate error mitigation, I have proposed a new technique that can achieve a better precision than existing methods with a significantly reduced quantum complexity. Finally, I will discuss future directions at the interface between quantum computing and high energy physics. See 1901.08148, 1904.03196, 1910.00129, and 2003.04941 for details.

http://physics.lbl.gov/rpm/index.php/events/
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Hongtao Yang (TBD)
2020-05-07 16:00 - 17:00 | Zoom Talk, 50A-5132, Berkeley, ca, 94720

HongTao Yany (LBNL) "TBA"
2020-05-07 16:00 - 17:00 | HYBRID 50A-5132 (Sessler Conference Room), https://lbnl.zoom.us/j/91782268585, 50A-5132

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2020-05-05 16:00 - 17:00 | Zoom Talk, 50A-5132, Berkeley, ca, 94720

RPM - Physics Division | Ben Nachman (LBNL) "Gearing up for the 2021 APS DPF Community Planning Process (aka Snowmass)" https://lbnl.zoom.us/j/95017728528
2020-04-30 16:00 - 17:00 | Zoom Talk, 50A-5132, Berkeley, ca, 94720
Abstract:

The American Physical Society’s Division of Particles and Fields is gearing up for its next community planning process (for historical reasons, called Snowmass). This process will occur over the next year and culminate in a 10 year plan (with a 20 year vision) for the future. It is critical for us to provide input to this process, which will ultimately inform the funding agencies about our community’s priorities for the future. In this talk, I will briefly introduce the various frontiers of the 2021 Snowmass process and will then mostly focus on the Computational Frontier and its connection to the other frontiers. In particular, this is an interesting time for computation with significant big data tools and infrastructure being developed by the broader scientific and industrial communities and with the advent of new (not part of the last Snowmass!) technologies like deep learning and quantum computing.

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Seljak, Modi, Boehm (RPM)
2020-04-23 16:00 - 17:00 | ca
Uros Seljak, Chirag Modi, Vanessa Boehm (LBL/Berkeley)
How deadly is COVID-19? A time series analysis of Italy mortality data

Abstract:

A counterfactual analysis of 2020 mortality data reported from towns in Italy, with data from the previous five years as control, reveals a large excess of deaths in March 2020. The analysis shows a good agreement with reported COVID-19 mortality for age<70 years, but an excess in total mortality increasing with age above 70 years, suggesting there is a large population of predominantly old people missing from the official fatality statistics. We estimate that the number of COVID-19 deaths in Italy is 52,000 $pm$ 2000 as of April 18 2020, more than a factor of 2 higher than the official number. We determine infection fatality rate (IFR) lower bound of 0.84% for Lombardia and infection rate of 23% for Lombardia, a factor of 35 above the number of positive tests. The infection rate for Bergamo province is 63%, suggesting herd immunity has been reached there. The analysis can help predict corresponding numbers in USA: we predict 0.5% lower bound on IFR for NYC and Santa Clara county. We observe that the COVID-19 mortality tracks closely the overall mortality of the underlying population, explaining why we see so many more deaths below age of 65 as a fraction of total in NYC relative to Italy.
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Rodrigo Alonso (Durham U) "Geometry for Higgs Dynamics and Effective Field Theory"
2020-04-09 12:00 - 13:00 | Zoom Talk, 50A-5132, Berkeley, ca, 94720
Abstract:

The three Nambu-Goldstone bosons in the longitudinal modes of the W and Z together with the Higgs boson span a 4-dimensional manifold. The geometry of this manifold, invariant under field re-parametrization, encodes the scalar dynamics which are vastly unexplored at present. The small but finite curvature limit recovers the Standard Model and corrections in its effective field theory. First order corrections in this framework encode widely different physics and serve to test and constrast the different facets of the SM and their correlation.

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Meeting ID: 195 991 343
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