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X-WR-CALNAME:LBNL Physics Division Research Progress Meetings
X-ORIGINAL-URL:https://rpm.physics.lbl.gov
X-WR-CALDESC:Events for LBNL Physics Division Research Progress Meetings
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DTSTART;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20180315T160000
DTEND;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20180315T170000
DTSTAMP:20260415T182218
CREATED:20180123T140914Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20180123T140914Z
UID:727-1521129600-1521133200@rpm.physics.lbl.gov
SUMMARY:Peter Mohr (NIST) "The New SI and Fundamental Constants"
DESCRIPTION:The International System of Units (SI) is expected to undergo a revolutionary change on\nMay 20\, 2019. In October 2017\, the International Committee on Weights and Measures met\nat the International Bureau of Weights and Measures near Paris and recommended a new\ndefinition of the SI such that a particular set of constants would have certain values when\nexpressed in the new SI units. In particular\, the new SI would be defined by the statement:\nThe International System of Units\, the SI\, is the system of units in which \n\nthe unperturbed ground state hyperfine splitting frequency of the\ncaesium 133 atom Cs is 9 192 631 770 Hz\,\nthe speed of light in vacuum c is 299 792 458 m/s\,\nthe Planck constant h is 6.626 070 15× 10−34 J/Hz\,\nthe elementary charge e is 1.602 176 634×10−19 C\,\nthe Boltzmann constant k is 1.380 649×10−23 J/K\,\nthe Avogadro constant NA is 6.022 140 76×1023 mol−1\,\nthe luminous efficacy Kcd of monochromatic radiation of frequency 540×1012 hertz is 683 lm/W\n\nThe numerical values of the constants were determined by a special CODATA adjustment of\nthe values of the constants using data in papers that were accepted for publication by July\n1\, 2017.\nThe Convention of the Meter (Convention du M`etre)\, a treaty that specifies international\nagreement on how units are defined\, was established in 1875 with 17 nations initially signing\non\, including the U.S. The SI\, established within the treaty in 1960\, is more recent and\ncontinues to evolve. Currently\, the treaty is agreed to by fifty-eight Member States\, including\nall the major industrialized countries. Even though a majority of people in the U.S. still\nuse units such as inches and pounds\, the official standards for these units are based on the\nSI units\, so the U.S. national measurement standards will also be redefined\, although the\nchange will be imperceptible in every-day use.\nThe redefinition will have a significant impact on the fundamental constants when ex-\npressed in SI units. Not only will the defining constants be exact\, but many others will also\nbe exact\, and still others will have considerably reduced uncertainties. This reflects a shift\nfrom macroscopic measurement standards to quantum based standards.\nThis talk will describe the new SI\, review reasons for the change\, and show how units\ncan be based on assigned values of certain physical constants.
URL:https://rpm.physics.lbl.gov/event/peter-mohr-nist-the-new-si-and-fundamental-constants/
LOCATION:50-Auditorium
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BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20180320T160000
DTEND;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20180320T170000
DTSTAMP:20260415T182218
CREATED:20180228T155548Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20180228T155548Z
UID:755-1521561600-1521565200@rpm.physics.lbl.gov
SUMMARY:Simone Ferraro (LBNL) "Lighting up the Dark Universe"
DESCRIPTION:Recent progress in cosmological observations reveal a simple yet strange universe. Our preferred cosmological model relies on mysterious components such as Dark Matter\, Dark Energy and an early period of accelerated expansion. The challenge in the next decade will be to understand the nature of these components and reveal new aspects of fundamental physics.\nI will discuss the synergies between upcoming redshift and CMB experiments and show that thanks to sample variance cancellation techniques\, a large improvement on constraining power is possible even at fixed volume. I will highlight the role of cross-correlations and velocity fields in increasing the statistical power of future surveys\, while at the same time allowing for greater control of systematics. I will show how the combination of large-scale structure and CMB experiments hold great promise to reveal the secrets of our mysterious Universe.
URL:https://rpm.physics.lbl.gov/event/simone-ferraro-lbnl-tba/
LOCATION:HYBRID 50A-5132 (Sessler Conference Room)\, https://lbnl.zoom.us/j/91782268585\, 50A-5132
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BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20180322T160000
DTEND;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20180322T170000
DTSTAMP:20260415T182218
CREATED:20180224T203251Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20180224T203251Z
UID:750-1521734400-1521738000@rpm.physics.lbl.gov
SUMMARY:Andreu Font (U. College London) - "Cosmology with the Lyman alpha forest: challenges and opportunities”"
DESCRIPTION:From 2009 to 2014\, the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) used the SDSS telescope to obtain spectra of 1.5 million galaxies to get very accurate measurements of the Baryon Acoustic Oscillations (BAO) scale at redshift z ~0.5. At the same time\, BOSS observed over 184 000 high redshift quasars (z>2.15) with the goal of detecting the BAO feature in the clustering of the intergalactic medium\, using a technique known as the Lyman alpha forest (LyaF). In this talk I will overview the final results from the LyaF working group in BOSS\, including the measurement of BAO at z=2.4 both from the auto-correlation of the LyaF (Bautista et al. 2017)\, and from its cross-correlation with quasars (du-Mas-des-Bourboux et al. 2017). From the combination of these studies we are able to measure the expansion rate of the Universe 11 billion years ago with a 2% uncertainty.\nStarting in 2019\, the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) will increase this dataset by an order of magnitude. In this talk I will review the challenges that we will face in order to provide an exquisite measurement of the expansion over cosmic history\, and the opportunities that we will have to study other fundamental questions: the sum of the mass of the neutrino species\, properties of dark matter particles\, and the shape of the primordial power spectrum of density fluctuations.
URL:https://rpm.physics.lbl.gov/event/andreu-font-u-college-london-tba/
LOCATION:HYBRID 50A-5132 (Sessler Conference Room)\, https://lbnl.zoom.us/j/91782268585\, 50A-5132
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BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20180327T160000
DTEND;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20180327T170000
DTSTAMP:20260415T182218
CREATED:20180110T112627Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20180110T112627Z
UID:721-1522166400-1522170000@rpm.physics.lbl.gov
SUMMARY:Lisa Barsotti (MIT) "Squeezing the most out of gravitational wave detectors"
DESCRIPTION:ABSTRACT:\nThe recent observations of gravitational waves have been enabled by a new generation of LIGO detectors\, Advanced LIGO\, the most sensitive laser interferometers ever built. In my talk I will review the main scienctific results from the first two Observing Runs\, O1 and O2\, and discuss the status of the Advanced LIGO detectors and plans for O3. I will also describe prospects for further extending the astrophysical reach of ground-based observations with future generations of detectors.
URL:https://rpm.physics.lbl.gov/event/lisa-barsotti-mit/
LOCATION:HYBRID 50A-5132 (Sessler Conference Room)\, https://lbnl.zoom.us/j/91782268585\, 50A-5132
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BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20180329T160000
DTEND;TZID=America/Los_Angeles:20180329T170000
DTSTAMP:20260415T182218
CREATED:20180321T163208Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20180321T163208Z
UID:768-1522339200-1522342800@rpm.physics.lbl.gov
SUMMARY:Sven Vahsen (University of Hawaii) - Directional Dark Matter Searches via Charge Cloud Tomography
DESCRIPTION:With WIMP-nucleon scattering limits approaching the neutrino floor\, and coherent neutrino-nucleon scattering experimentally established\, there is renewed interest in directional detectors as a means to penetrate the neutrino floor. The CYGNUS collaboration aims to deploy multiple gas Time Projection Chambers (TPCs) to accomplish this. I will review recent R&D work carried out within CYGNUS\, with a focus on efforts at the University of Hawaii. I will discuss recently deployed directional neutron detectors capable of imaging the 3D surface shape of nuclear recoils with high resolution. These existing detectors represent a stepping stone towards larger detectors capable of providing fully tomographic 3D images of nuclear recoils. I will discuss how 3D recoil imaging is relevant to dark matter detection by enabling several new measurement techniques. Time permitting\, I will also discuss a conceptual design study that compares the suitability of different technological approaches to a large-scale nuclear recoil observatory with sensitivity to both WIMP dark matter and neutrinos.
URL:https://rpm.physics.lbl.gov/event/sven-vahsen-university-of-hawaii-directional-dark-matter-searches-via-charge-cloud-tomography/
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