Vetri Velan (UC Berkeley) “The Present and Future of Dark Matter Direct Detection”

Abstract:
 

Dark matter is one of the primary unsolved problems in modern particle physics. Since the late 1980s, physicists have been trying to directly detect dark matter particles passing through the Earth, typically by searching for nuclear recoils. This search has been unsuccessful so far, but I will discuss recent advancements and upcoming technologies that offer a promising path forward. First, I will present xenon time projection chambers, including the LUX and LUX-ZEPLIN experiments, as the best strategy for detecting Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs). I will explain how understanding energy deposition in liquid xenon allows us to test the remaining WIMP parameter space, and I will discuss recent data-driven and simulation-driven advancements in this field. Second, I will discuss calorimetry as a tool for probing dark matter models below the WIMP scale, with masses on the order of 1-1000 MeV/c2. I will describe the TESSERACT project, using transition-edge sensors to achieve unprecedented sensitivity to a variety of dark matter interactions.

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